Effects of spanking on children :: essays research papers

The use of spanking is one of the most controversial parenting practices and also one of the oldest, spanning throughout many generations. Spanking is a discipline method in which a supervising adult deliberately inflicts pain upon a child in response to a child’s unacceptable behaviour. Although spanking exists in nearly every country and family, its expression is heterogeneous. First of all the act of administering a spanking varies between families and cultures. As Gershoff (2002) pointed out, some parents plan when a spanking would be the most effective discipline whereas some parents spank impulsively (Holden, 2002). Parents also differ in their moods when delivering this controversial punishment, some parents are livid and others try and be loving and reason with the child. Another source of variation is the fact that spanking is often paired with other parenting behaviours such as, scolding, yelling, or perhaps raging and subsequently reasoning. A third source of varia tion concerns parental characteristics. Darling and Steinberg (1993) distinguished between the content of parental acts and the style in which it was administered (Holden, 2002). With all this variation researchers cannot definitively isolate the singular effects of spanking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Holden (2002) reviewed Gershoff’s (2002) meta-analyses of eighty-eight (88) studies and noted that there were both positive and negative outcomes associated with the punishment of spanking. According to Gershoff’s (2002) analysis, the one positive outcome was immediate compliance by the child (Holden, 2002). This result was found to be consistent in five (5) studies. Immediate compliance was defined as the child complying to the parents directive within five (5) seconds. In stark contrast, there were four (4) negative outcomes. The analysis showed a negative effect on the quality of the parent child relationship, the child’s mental health, the child’s perception of being a victim of physical child abuse, and also impacted aggression in adulthood (Holden, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Spanking should always be of reasonable force, never leave bruises or marks, and only ever be on the buttocks. Spanking advocates argue that the buttocks are the safest place to administer corporal punishment since it produces a sharp stinging pain but injury is unlikely.

Effects Of Women Incarceration On Young Children Essay

Women incarceration has been on increase since the nineteenth century. This has had various effects on children of these imprisoned mothers. When a woman is incarcerated, whatever happens to their children is a matter of great concern. This paper aims at showing the impacts of women incarceration on children. This is in relation to their development and well being. (Beckerman, 1994) It is good to consider the family networks when looking at the impact of women incarceration on young children. A child’s development level has to be considered too when looking at the effects of women imprisonment. Parental incarceration has been increasing at an alarming rate since the year 1991. In the year 1991 there were approximately 450,000 parents imprisoned and by the year 2000 this number had increased to 437,400. The number of children that were affected also rose from 930,000 to 1,530, 500 during the same period. The number of women prisoners has continued to increase at a very fast rate as compared to men. From the year 1991 to the year 2000 there has been an 87 percent increase in the number incarcerated women as compared to 61 percent increase in number of incarcerated men. Research shows that fifty eight percent of the children that have incarcerated parents fall below the age of ten years. The mean age is eight years. Research indicates that forty eight percent of the women in prisons have never been married. This means that they are single parents. Twenty five percent of incarcerated women were separated or divorced. Approximately twenty three to thirty six percent of the women were married. Research shows that women incarceration can have different impacts on young children whether they were residing with the children or not when they got imprisoned. It is very obvious that in case the women were not staying with their children, then there are great chances that there was no meaningful social relationship between the two parties (children and mothers). Research shows that women incarceration has multiple effects on young children because when men are imprisoned, it is the women who take care of the children. When this happens mothers use ninety percent of their time in care giving. Now the case is the other way round, that is, when women are imprisoned. (Pollock, 2002) Research indicates that in the case of women incarceration the men only use twenty three to thirty one percent of their time to take care of young children. Friends can use approximately ten to twelve percent of their time to help while relatives assume the parenting role in approximately twenty six to thirty four percent of the cases only. These disparities in parenting responsibilities show the exact picture in the society that mothers play big roles in parenting especially in intact families. (Boudin, 1998) Women in most cases are more likely to be imprisoned because of fraud and drug offences. The type of offence always determines the period that they stay in prison. Women incarceration has got greater impacts on young children than men incarceration. According to various scholars, incarceration is not just a discrete or single event but it is actually a dynamic process that normally unfolds with time. (Chesney, 1983) Arrest phase The whole impact of women incarceration on children during this phase is indicated in an incomplete picture. Research shows that one out of five children is normally present at the time of arrest. The child normally witnesses the mother being taken to prison by policemen or the relevant authorities. Statistics show that in most cases, the other children are out playing or in school or doing other leisure activities. Research carried out in the year 2005 in United States shows that more than half of the children who witness this scenario are adversely affected. (Boudin, 1998) In most cases these children are normally below seven years and are care of their mother only as per that time. Surveys carried out in nine states in United States, that is, Chicago, Mississippi, Oregon, New Mexico, Texas, New Jersey, Boston, Florida and Washington D. C reveal this. Forty percent of the children who had ever witnessed their mothers being arrested were interviewed. Thirty eight percent of the children respondents admitted that they constantly suffered flashbacks and nightmares in relation to the incident. The occurrence was more prevalent during the first month that their mothers were arrested. Overall management of explanation There are so many controversies that enfold the issue of providing young children with the information concerning their mothers undergoing incarceration. There are those who argue that children should not know that their mother has undergone such a bad thing. This according to the assertions helps in minimizing the trauma that goes hand in hand with this separation. (Covington, 1997) On the other hand, other scholars argue that failure to disclose this important information can increase the emotional distress of the child. This is termed as conspiracy of silence. Regardless of whether women are the ones incarcerated or not, they are charged with the responsibility of explaining the whole situation to the children. Research carried out in the year 1997 indicates that out of thirty five cases only eight of these cases did the fathers offer their children an explanation concerning their mother being incarcerated. (Chesney, 1983) In most of the cases the explanation provided is quite general and vague. Many relatives and fathers lie to their children concerning the departure of their mother. There are variations such that some families use total deception while others use partial deception when explaining why the mother is missing. This conspiracy of deception has got various impacts on the children’s ability to cope with the whole issue. Children who are not well informed about their mother’s absence are very fearful and anxious. Inmost cases women incarcerations occur when the attachment of the children to their mothers has already developed. This can lead to adverse effects on the child because he or she could have spent the first nine to twelve months with the mother. (Covington, 1997) This normally results in insecure attachments. This is just but a consequence of the adverse shifts in life circumstances. This in most cases makes the child to have very poor relationships during his or her adolescent years. Another adverse effect of the child’s mother undergoing incarceration is that it makes the child to develop diminished cognitive abilities. This is very common to young children between two to six years of age. (Enos, 1998) The effects of women incarceration on young children are quite diverse. Young children with incarcerated mothers also tend to suffer from psychological or emotional problems. This is exhibited through withdrawal. In this case the children never want to associate with others and prefer being on their own even during play time. Psychological problems are also exhibited through depression, hyper vigilance and anxiety. In the case of hyper vigilance, the children are just too cautious or alert. The children whose mother has been incarcerated can also exhibit externalizing behaviors. They include great hostility towards siblings and caregivers, aggression and anger. Research in United States prisons shows that very few prisons permit women prisoners to keep their infants. In most of the cases the mothers are just permitted few days of contact with their babies. (Henriquez, 1996) This makes it very hard for the mother and baby to bond. This does not give the baby the opportunity to be familiar with the mother. When the mother is finally released from prison, she comes back home when the child has already developed and is not emotionally attached to her. This just results in children having behavioral and emotional problems later in life. (Pollock, 2002) In case the mother’s incarceration occurs when the children are in the school going age, they automatically get affected in their academics. These children also have problems with their peer relationships. Research shows that more than forty five percent of children with incarcerated mothers have school problems. This can result the children performing poorly at school. For young children between the ages of six to eight years old whose mothers were incarcerated, there was much unwillingness to go to school. This can be termed in other words as school phobias. This was in most cases for the up to six weeks after the mother being imprisoned. Other reports show that seventy one percent of 170 children of incarcerated mothers had very poor performance in their academics. They also had behavioral problems while in school. When other students know of the issue concerning the incarceration of the child, they tend to tease the child and he or she may become ostracized by peers. This can even lead to drop out from school if not suspension because of behavioral problems. (Enos, 1998) Boys and girls While the effects of women incarceration are expected to adversely affect girls more than boys, there is no adequate evidence to back up these allegations. Both boys and girls are normally adversely affected by the incarceration of their mothers. The only difference is that they generally express their reactions quite differently. Girls in most instances exhibit internalizing problems while boys exhibit externalizing behavior problems due to incarceration of their mother. (Owen, 1995) As illustrated earlier on, some of the women that are incarcerated are single parents. They may never have gotten married or they could have gone through a divorce. When arrests are made either to a man or a woman, there is normally no prior information that this act will be carried out. Therefore in most cases the woman is found off guard when she is not prepared to leave her family. This is in relation to who will fend or take care of the children. Children may have gone to school only to come back to an empty house without a mother. This can really cause distress to children when it is a single parent family as they have to fend for themselves. The impact is what we currently see on the streets-street children who were left behind by incarcerated mothers. This causes a lot of destabilization to young children because they are not old enough to work. They cannot afford to pay rent and therefore they just have to beg on the streets. Other children become house helps so that they can cater for their basis needs. They even carry work as baby sitters. Children whose mothers have been imprisoned can have eating problems. This is a result of the stress or depression of not having their mother around especially during meal times. Other children whose mothers have been incarcerated normally have clinging behavior. They also exhibit truancy in church attendance. When mothers are imprisoned the health of the children is known to automatically deteriorate. This is according to the recent studies carried out in Florida, Boston, Mississippi and New Jersey. Women are normally concerned with the health of the children a great deal more than men. There are instances when children have health problems and women because of their concern, take care of them. (Sobel, 1982) Most men come back late from work and leave early and therefore may not know so much in relation to the health of the children. Little things like allergies to foods are better known to the mother. When there is incarceration of the women the health of children declines because men or fathers care less. They may leave the duties to house helps who may not give maximum attention to the child as required. This results in health deterioration of children. Conclusion Incarceration of women has been on increase and this has got various effects on young children. Children who witness their mother being arrested have nightmares and flashbacks of the whole scenario. Fathers and relatives normally withhold information concerning the incarceration of the mother. This is conspiracy of silence and it increases fear and anxiety in children. A mother’s incarceration makes a child to have emotional or psychological problems which are exhibited through depression, hyper vigilance and anxiety. In case the child is of school going age it results in poor performance in his or her academics.

Simon as Silent Prophet of Lord Of The Flies Essay

Simon as Silent Prophet of Lord Of The Flies The role of the prophet changes with the society in which he lives. In Modern America, a prophet is a visionary, telling his people what they can become; in Biblical times, a prophet was the voice of God, telling his people what they had to become to fulfill their covenant with God. In William Goldings Lord of the Flies, though, the prophet told his people nothing; he realized what they had already become, and he dared not tell them because he knew they would turn against him. Simon lived in knowledge and fear because his society denied the role of the prophet, and he did not fight it because he wanted so much to be part of that society. The basic premise of Lord of†¦show more content†¦Simon, though he did not tell the other boys of his vision, was incapable of forgetting. He was the observant character, the quiet philosopher. He was often alone, sometimes by his own choice, and he liked to wander into the peaceful jungle. He sincerely cared about the other boys, sometimes helping the young ones to fetch fruit, yet Simon turned away from them and went where the just perceptible path led him. Soon high jungle closed in (56). He loved solitude and yet felt loneliness; he was alien to the other boys. The boys did not think anyone would be stupid enough to go into the jungle by night: The assembly grinned at the thought of going out into the darkness. Then Simon stood up and Ralph looked at him in astonishment (85). Many of the boys even thought he was batty because he left the group to spend time alone. He did not fear the jungle, and he did not fear the Beast. Maybe, he said hesitantly, maybe there is a beas t. . . . maybe its only us (89). The Beast takes many forms in the boys imaginations; once, they saw a strange shape moving at the top of a mountain, and they were afraid that it was the Beast. No one dared to go near it save Simon, who went alone to the mountaintop during one of his sojourns; he discovered that the Beast was only a dead parachuter whose gear shifted in the wind. Ironically, the dead man was a soldier, a symbol of the savagery that was the true Beast. However, Simons compassionShow MoreRelatedEssay on History of Crucifixion6118 Words   |  25 Pages(sedicula) or a wooden peg positioned midway on the upright supported the body weight from tearing open the wounds. Once the condemned was thus immobilized he was left alone, unable to attend to bodily functions, unprotected from inclement weather or flies, and, because the place of execution was usually some public street or prominent place, subjected to abusive words and mockery from passersby. Often the body was left to putrefy on the cross and becom e the prey of carrion birds to complete the utterRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesmainstream of popular culture through the use of music. Marley is not seen as a religious ï ¬ gure; rather he is seen as a rock star, a pop hero, an icon. And yet his faith is at the core of his music. Rastafarians have dubbed Marley the psalmist and prophet of the movement. This is a crucial part of the wonderful complexity of the Rastafarian movement. Jamaica owes a great debt to the men who formed the Rastafarian movement in the 1930s. Rastafarianism has served as a lightning rod of discussion about

Importance Of Exodus For The Jewish Community. Name Of

Importance of Exodus for the Jewish Community Name of Student Name of University Name of Course/Section Professor’s Name Date of Submission Importance of Exodus for the Jewish Community Introduction Historians and scholars have been discussing what some of the most prominent and influential events have been in history. There have been discussions about such events as the French Revolution as being extremely important in terms of the politics of the world and democracy. Other than that, we find that Christians have talked about how the crucifixion of Jesus Christ can be depicted as the most important and influential event of all time. Moreover, Muslims consider the revelations brought upon Muhammad and his exile that are extremely†¦show more content†¦Why is the Exodus Important? The Exodus plays an important role for the Jewish community. One of the biggest reasons is that it is something that is used as the justification for the land of Israel (Johnson 112). The Jews believe that the Exodus from Egypt was done based on a promise from God, who said that the Jewish people would have ownership over a Promised Land, which is the area that is Israel today. The Jewish people believe that the reason why God put them through the Exodus is because He wanted the Jews to see His power and that He is the one who is in control of everyone’s lives. For instance, in the book of Exodus, it is written, â€Å"So says God: ‘Thus you will know that I am God’† (Exodus 7:17). The idea of Exodus is something that is meant to reveal a different side of God. It has to be noted that God sent various plagues, such as the plagues of lice and the plagues of frogs. All of this was done so that the people would know that God has a lot of power over the smallest things as well as over all the different animals in nature. This is why he Exodus is mentioned repeatedly and it is also something that the Jewish people tend to remember continually, as they believe that it shows how God loved all humans and how He wants to save all humans from all kinds of problems. Cultural Significance of Exodus The Jews remember the Exodus in their daily prayers and it is celebrated everyShow MoreRelatedWhat Were The Basic Promises Made For Abraham And Why?1330 Words   |  6 PagesAbram to leave his family and home and travel great distances as a nomad. If Abram agreed then God will bless him with a vast nation of people. Abram agreed faithfully and made a covenant with God. This covenant created a relationship between the Jewish people and the true Creator,God. Following this covenant came obligations that Abram had to do.When the Torah was given, Abram was obligated to be tested. Abram was tested in the ten principles of faith to prove that he is still a worthy leader toRead MoreWhat is The Eucharist?1467 Words   |  6 Pagescovenant with God. Jesus instituted the Eucharist at the Last Supper. Although scholars are uncertain as to whether the Last Supper was the Passover meal, it â€Å"took place in the atmosphere of the Passover† . The Last Supper added a new dimension to the Jewish ritual meal, â€Å"in terms of what (or better who) was celebrated† . Jesus asked the disciples to â€Å"do this in memory of me† (1 Cor 11:24, The NIV study Bible). It is not merely a memorial recalling past covenants and sacrifices, but central to the ChurchRead MoreEssay about Exploring Women’s Role in the Bible2400 Words   |  10 PagesThe stories about women in the bible illustrate the importance of their role and contribution to society. Women were slaves, concubines, and child bearers; they were also wives, matriarchs, and prophets. Although, some women had less important titles than others each served a purpose. Even if the Bible does not explain God’s relationship with women as with Moses and other prophets, it illustrates the love and dedication women had for Him. The scriptures describe brave, nurturing, and God fearingRead MoreThe Differences Between Christianity And Christianity1567 Words   |  7 Pagesonly created a great sense of religious community but also created divide amongst humanity. This divide is seen in the rift between religious groups, since their varying beliefs collide and lead to a fight to prove who is right. The prophet Muhammad was known to the Islam people as the â€Å"seal of the prophets† because as mentioned earlier he is the last prophet sent forth by God. Muhammad is such an important figure to Muslims that he was given the spiritual name of Ahmad or â€Å"Glorified One†. 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As part of the Jewish social structure, children were placed in low regard often filing in close to the bottom of the order. Halvor Moxnes a Professor of New Testament at the University of Oslo and writer of â€Å"The Social Context of Luke s Community† places an emphasis on two groups in the society the elite and non-eliteRead More Moses and the Burning Bush Essay2268 Words   |  10 Pages Two men are walking to temple. The older man says to the younger man, â€Å"So, do you know why the Jewish people aren’t voting for President Bush?† The younger man replies with an inquisitive â€Å"No.† â€Å"Well,† says the older man, â€Å"the last time the Jewish people followed a Bush they wound up wandering in the Desert.† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This recent political joke is in reference to the Exodus story of Moses and the burning bush. As stated in the bible it reads: nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"MosesRead MoreWisdom Tradition And The Old Testament Essay2163 Words   |  9 Pageschallenge from Satan prompts God to give him permission, Satan inflicts a variety of terrible things on him, including the loss of his physical health and the complete loss of his wealth, as well as the deaths of his children and loss of respect of his community. Job struggles to understand why these events happen to him, just mentioned in the previous paragraph. Suffering, in this case, is a test of faith to deepen it. There are many different types of Wisdom Literature. The first type of wisdom literature

Elections in United States and Obama s Leadership Case Study

Essays on Elections in United States and Obama 's Leadership Case Study The paper "Elections in the United States and Obama 's Leadership" is an excellent example of a case study on social science. Obama was able to use his personal appeal to win the general elections. To many, he is a leader who inspires hope to the oppressed and less fortunate in society. He is a charismatic leader who has been able to navigate his way up despite the existence of successful people both in the organizations and the society at large. In order to understand in depth Obama as a charismatic leader, a study was conducted with the aim of investigating the discourse of charisma mainly in articles that were written six months before his election. The results indicated that the media played a significant role in creating an enthusiastic atmosphere around Obama. His charismatic characteristics were built around him as a person with major emphasis being on his life story, personality, and behavior.   Critical AnalysisElections in the United States are closely contested with people looking at personal ideologies. However, in this election, there was a diversion from the norm. For many decades, marginalized groups especially blacks and non-natives felt that if one of their own was in the helm of power, they were likely to be recognized. However, Barrack Obama was able to create a link between the natives and nonnatives. His behaviors, personalities, and life story inspired both the oppressed and the local population. In addition, many looked at him as an inspirational leader. Nevertheless, his charismatic leadership when he was a senator of Illinois made people feel that he has good leadership skills that can steer the country ahead. ImplicationsOne of the major implications of charismatic characteristics is that Obama was able to secure votes from both natives and non-natives. In addition, he has created hope for all people irrespective of their social status, religious background , and race. This has played a significant role in uniting people in the country.

Beloved novel Free Essays

This novel is set just after the Civil War; therefore slavery is still on the minds of all the characters. Toni Morrison mad one of the main characters of Beloved a ghost because she wanted the characters to remember where they came from and this very evident from the start of the novel. The house was haunted by all of Denver and Sethe’s dead relativities. We will write a custom essay sample on Beloved novel or any similar topic only for you Order Now The house which is called â€Å"sweet house† isn’t very sweet. In fact, Paul D says, â€Å"If the house was so sweet, people would have stayed† (Morrison 13). Even though the characters have moved on, memories come back to us no matter what else happens in over lives. Sethe and Denver keep seeing and talking to ghosts because the ghosts are the entire have in their lives. The ghosts equal all the memories of slavery that Sethe has. Morrison also uses ghosts in Beloved to equate slavery with a type of death . This death is the end of a part of a life and start of another part of a life. However, the memories of slavery were still so strong after the Civil War that the images of slavery were hard to escape. The color of death was always in Sethe’s dreams; baby blood, pink gravestones and nothing more (Morrison 39). In addition, when Beloved came into Sethe’s, Denver’s and Paul D’s lives she hovered over Sethe like a ghost who wished to haunt her (Morrison 51). Beloved like all of the other ghosts represents the past. Beloved doesn’t like when Sethe concentrates on anything or anyone but her (Morrison 100). In other words, Beloved wants Sethe to focus on all the bad memories of slavery. The supernatural events in the book contrast with what the reader expects in the ‘real world’ because it is possible that the reader would expect that if Sethe and Denver were actual people living in society they would wish to leave the house that is filled with a ghost that seems to be tied to the memories of slavery. In addition, they both would want to go outside more and enjoy what life has to offer them. Moreover, in the ‘real world’ Sethe and Denver would probably attempt to both contact the ghosts through a medium or a ghost whisperer and ask why they are haunting the house and why these ghosts aren’t letting them go on with their lives. In addition, Sethe and Denver might even attempt to perform an exorcism hoping to get rid of the ghost or ghosts in their home so they can get on with their lives. Moreover, in the ‘real world Sethe would see marring Paul D and possibly having a baby with him as a great way to start a new life after the horrible life she had because of slavery and Denver would be happy because she would have the father that she never had. Furthermore, Paul D might intervene in this situation by demanding that Sethe and Denver get some professional help because they both play and with and talk to ghosts that live in the house instead of interacting with a real human being who loves both of them. However, in the book both Sethe and Denver, especially Sethe are bewitched by Beloved and don’t wish to go on with their lives. Paul D wishes to have a baby and a life with Sethe and Denver but Sethe is too scared to do that (Morrison 131-32). Also, Sethe thanks Beloved for showing her that what is in the house is all that Denver and she needs and she doesn’t need the world, which includes Paul D outside the house in the ‘real world’ (Morrison 185). Morrison seems to be saying that sometimes human beings make their own reality. In other words, human beings create the reality that they need to survive even if that reality is false. In this book, fantasy is reality. Even when all three of them go outside to ice skate Beloved is still there and not Paul D (Morrison 174). Sethe and Denver ice skating with Beloved, who is a ghost isn’t al all realistic. In one way, it seems like Sethe and Denver are attempting to get away from the ghost because they go outside and ice skate and they are happy, but, at the same time it also seems like both Sethe and Denver are trying to hold on to a bit of the past along with the present while ignoring the future. Sethe is bewitched by a ghost because she sees herself as Beloved and vice-versa (Morrison 216) Sethe seems to be losing herself. She is losing her own identity. I think that Morrison makes the contrast between the world of the supernatural and the ‘real world’ to remind the reader that sometimes human beings can get so haunted by past memories, ghosts if you will, that the past bleeds into the present and into the future. In fact, human beings can get so absorbed in memories that they forget the present. This is very apparent when Sethe lost her job because of Beloved and Denver gets pushed out of Sethe’s life little by little the more Beloved stays there (Morrison 240). The contrast between the two worlds is also done to show that human beings can come out of their haunted world with a bit of help from your friends. The community broke Sethe out of the ghostly trance that Beloved had on her (Morrison 260). Morrison seems to be suggesting that the strength of the many will help the will of one. In addition, Paul D. tries to help Sethe by bathing her (Morrison 260). In addition, he says to Sethe that they need some tomorrows because they have seen more yesterdays than anybody (Morrison 273). I also think that the multi-colored quilt that Paul D imagines on the bed represents the bright future that he wants to have with Sethe and Denver. However, at the end of the novel when Beloved is talked about (Morrison 275), that Morrison is illustrating that the memories or ghosts of a human’s past may never go away completely. Works Cited Morrison, Toni. Beloved. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1987. How to cite Beloved novel, Papers

Project Vision Document-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: You are a Systems Analyst that is part of a project that is being currently being proposed. Your task is to develop a Vision Document for this project. Answer: Introduction Telehealth project aims to overcome the problem of long distance that is faced by the healthcare professionals (Rutledge et al., 2014). This project is introduced for improving the quality of healthcare services and its delivery in the rural regions across the state. Urgent healthcare centres are built across the rural areas. Telehealth project is also building emergency departments via video conferencing at the nearest hospitals. This report presents a vision document for this Telehealth project. Problem Healthcare professionals and physicians are unable to provide healthcare services of standard quality because of issues related to long distance. Rural areas lack proper healthcare facilities and the physicians are unable to reach the patients on time in case of emergency situations due to the long distance between the urban and rural areas (Paliadelis et al., 2012). Communication is a major issue in case of delivery of health and related services such as education and professional advice. Healthcare professionals and physicians are unable to deliver timely healthcare services to the patients as well as educational support in the rural areas. Several barriers like cost, distance and time prevent the healthcare professionals from delivering timely and high quality health care and related services (Weinhold Gurtner, 2014). The transportation time as well as response time taken by the healthcare professionals of the emergency department in the rural regions is comparatively more than t hat in the urban areas. These problems and barriers have resulted in impair outcomes such as physical stress and emotional stress of the patients. Capabilities The capabilities of the Telehealth project will include video conferencing, efficient storing of patient health records, monitoring the patients from distant location and mobile health. Telehealth project will focus on promoting the usage of ICT for accessing healthcare services from distant locations (Nagel, Pomerleau Penner, 2013). Physicians will be able to manage the health records and monitor patients health condition from remote locations. Telehealth will focus on delivering health, medical and education services via virtual platforms. The capabilities of Telehealth project are mentioned below. Video conferencing: The Telehealth project will facilitate live communication between the patients and healthcare professionals by utilizing the functionalities of telecommunication technologies (Graves, 2012). This will be able to replace the in-person healthcare services and provide diagnostic facility to the patients in real time. Storing health records: This project will utilize ICT for storing as well as transmitting patients health related data such as X-rays in a secured manner and help the physicians to deliver quality healthcare services. Patient monitoring: Telehealth will enable the physicians to monitor the health condition of a patient and access the health records from a remote location in a timely and effective manner (De San Miguel, Smith Lewin, 2013). Mobile health: Telehealth project will promote the use of healthcare apps and mobile devices for improving healthcare facilities in the rural regions (Istepanian, Laxminarayan Pattichis, 2014). Physicians will be able to track health records of patients from various locations. Benefits Telehealth will be able to provide a cost effective, convenient and real time service to the healthcare professionals and patients in the rural regions across the state. Telehealth will enhance patient outcomes and improve the quality of delivery of the health care services. Communication process between the patients and physicians will improve. The benefits of the Telehealth project are described below. Cost efficiency: Cost effective solutions will be provided by Telehealth. Video conferencing will help the healthcare professionals to handle emergency situations in real time and at minimal cost (Henderson et al., 2013). The travelling cost of the physicians will be saved and the cost efficiencies of health care facilities will increase. Improved access: Healthcare professionals will be able to access and track health records of patients from remote locations with ease. Video conferencing will help the physicians to expand their reach across the state and in rural regions. It will improve the access to care and increase the patient satisfaction level. Improved quality: Telehealth will enable the physicians to enhance the clinical workflow and improve the quality of healthcare service. Organized information will help the healthcare professionals in making correct and effective decisions for improving patient outcomes. Conclusion This report concludes that Telehealth project will play a significant role in improving the access to the quality healthcare in the rural public hospitals. Video conferencing will solve the problem related to long distance that exists between the healthcare professionals and patients and improve the communication process. The above discussion clearly shows that the Telehealth project will enhance the patient outcome along with the health service quality. References De San Miguel, K., Smith, J., Lewin, G. (2013). Telehealth remote monitoring for community-dwelling older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Telemedicine and e-Health,19(9), 652-657. Graves, B. A. (2012). 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